Physics for Information Science: Unit II: Semiconductor Physics
Direct and Indirect Band Gap Semiconductors
Based on the composition of semiconductors they are classified as:Elemental semiconductors,Compound semiconductors
DIRECT
AND INDIRECT BAND GAP SEMICONDUCTORS
Based
on the composition of semiconductors they are classified as:
(i)
Elemental semiconductors (or) indirect bandgap semiconductors
(ii)
Compound semiconductors (or) direct band gap semiconductors
(i) Elemental Semiconductors:
The
elemental semiconductor is made of single element from the fourth column
elements. Germanium and Silicon are the important examples for elemental
semiconductors, these are also known as indirect band gap semiconductors. Here
the recombination of an electron from the conduction band with a hole in the
valence band takes place via traps. In this process, the phonons are emitted
while recombination and they heat the lattice.
(ii) Compound Semiconductors:
The
compound semi- conductors are made by combining the third and fifth column
elements (or) second and sixth column elements. GaAs, InP are the important
examples for compound semi conductors, these are also known as direct band gap
semiconductors. Here the recombination of electron and hole takes place
directly and its energy difference is emitted in the form of photons in the
visible (or) Infrared range.
Since
the life time of the charge carrier is so small, the current amplification is
small. Hence these diodes are not suitable for making transistors and ICs,
rather they are used in making LEDs and LASER diodes.
Differences between Indirect and Direct band gap Semiconductor
Physics for Information Science: Unit II: Semiconductor Physics : Tag: : - Direct and Indirect Band Gap Semiconductors
Physics for Information Science: Unit II: Semiconductor Physics
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