Physics for Information Science: Unit I: Electrical Properties of Materials
Effective Mass Approximation
Electrical Properties of Materials
electron moving in constant potential field m* = m.electron moving in a periodic potential m*≠m and therefore the electron in the crystal will behave as a particle with variable effective mass.
EFFECTIVE
MASS APPROXIMATION
We
know the energy of the electron in a uniform potential field is
............(1)
We
know the effective mass of an electron moving in a periodic potential is
............(2)
Comparing
equation (1) and (2), we can say that for an electron moving in constant
potential field m* = m
But
for an electron moving in a periodic potential m*≠m and therefore the electron in the crystal will behave as a
particle with variable effective mass.
Thus
when an electron is applied with periodic potential, the free electron mass (m)
should be replaced by proper effective mass (m*) and this is called as
effective mass approximation.
Therefore
by replacing the value of m by m* in
the energy value we can write the energy of an electron in a periodic potential
as
............(3)
The
concept of effective mass and its approximation is used for finding the high
electronic specific heat of transition metals and their paramagnetic
susceptibilities experimentally.
Physics for Information Science: Unit I: Electrical Properties of Materials : Tag: : Electrical Properties of Materials - Effective Mass Approximation
Physics for Information Science: Unit I: Electrical Properties of Materials
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