Basic Circuit Components

BASIC CIRCUIT COMPONENTS

There are three types of basic circuit components. They are

1. Resistance

2. Inductance

3. Capacitance

Resistance:

It is the property of a material to restrict the flow of electrons. It is denoted by

R and unit is Ohm (22). The symbol of resistance is shown in fig. 1.1.

Ohm:

It is defined as the resistance offered by the material when a current of one ampere flows between two terminals with one volt applied across the terminals.

According to ohms law

The power absorbed by the resistor is

P = VI

P = (IR)I

P = 1² R

P = VI

Power

dw = P dt

Integrate on both the sides

Inductance:

Inductance is a storage element which can store the energy in the form of electromagnetic field. The symbol is shown in fig 1.2. It is denoted as L and unit is Henry (H).

The current voltage relation is

Integrating both the sides,

Integrating both the sides

The power absorbed by the inductor is

The energy stored by the inductor is

Capacitance:

Capacitance is a storage element which can store and deliver energy in the form of electric field. It is denoted as C and unit is Farad (F). The symbol of capacitance is shown in fig 1.3.

Current through the capacitor is

Integrating both the sides

The power absorbed by the capacitor is

The energy stored by the capacitor is