Principle of Operation for Single Phase Transformer

SINGLE PHASE TRANSFORMER

A transformer is a static device, which transfer electric power from one circuit to another circuit without change in frequency.

Principle of Operation

The transformer operates on mutual induction principle. It states that when two coils are inductively coupled and if current in the one coil is changed uniformly then an emf induced in the other coil.

The Figure 3.40 shows the basic transformer diagram. It consists of two coils they are primary and secondary windings. The primary winding is connected in the input power supply and other winding is connected to the load. This winding is secondary winding. The primary winding has N₁ number of turns while secondary winding has N₂ number of turns.

When the primary winding is excited by an AC voltage, it circulated an AC current. This current produces an flux (ϕ) which completes its path through common magnetic core. This alternating flux links with the secondary winding. According to Faraday's law of an electromagnetic induction, the secondary winding induce the emf. There is no electrical contact between the two windings.